Standard Operating Procedure for Monitoring of Ambient Air Quality and Stack Monitoring or Stack sampling for evaluating the characteristics of industrial waste gases emissions into the atmosphere. Materials emitted to the air from industrial sources may be solid, liquid, or gas; organic or inorganic.
Ambient Air Quality and Stack Monitoring
1.0 Objective –
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- To lay down the procedure for monitoring of ambient air quality and stack.
2.0 Scope –
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- This SOP is applicable for monitoring of ambient air and stack within the premises of pharmaceutical / API manufacturing plant.
3.0 Responsibility –
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- An External Approved Laboratory should perform the Ambient Air quality and Stack Monitoring activity.
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- Head EHS shall responsible for monitoring and overall compliances.
4.0 Definitions ( SOP – Monitoring of Ambient Air Quality and Stack)
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Definition of Ambient air Quality monitoring
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- Ambient air quality monitoring is the systematic, long-term assessment of pollutant levels by measuring the quantity and types of certain pollutants in the surrounding, outdoor air.
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Definition of Stack monitoring
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- Stack Monitoring or Stack sampling is the experimental process for evaluating the characteristics of industrial waste gases emissions into the atmosphere.
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- Materials emitted to the air from industrial sources may be solid, liquid, or gas; organic or inorganic.
5.0 Procedure for Monitoring of Ambient Air Quality and Stack
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Ambient Air Quality Monitoring
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- Select the location for ambient air quality monitoring i.e. Main gate.
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- Connect the electrical supply to Respirable Dust Collector PM 2.5 and PM10.
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- Set the filter paper in both the equipments, i.e, 2.5 p in PM 2.5 and 8p in PM 10.
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- Set the 70 ml solution of SO2 and NO2 gases in PM10 Respirable dust collector.
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- Set the water flow at Zero pointer indicated in dust collector.
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- Switch on the dust collector.
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- Set the time in timer for 24 hrs.
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- Check the readings of water flow in scale pointed in PM10 dust collector hourly. It shall be more than zero.
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- After completion of 24 hours, switch off the Respirable dust collector.
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- Dismantle the dust collector and separate the filter papers and solutions. Send the filter papers and solution for laboratory testing.
- Parameters to be check
| Parameter | Unit | Standard Limit |
| Particulate Matter, PM (2.5) | µg/m3 | ≤ 60 |
| Particulate Matter, PM (10) | µg/m3 | ≤ 100 |
| Nitrogen Oxides-NO2 | µg/m3 | ≤ 80 |
| Sulphur Dioxides-SO2 | µg/m3 | ≤ 80 |
| Ozone | µg/m3 | ≤ 180 |
| Carbon Monoxide-(CO) | µg/m3 | ≤ 4 |
| Ammonia | µg/m3 | ≤ 400 |
| Benzene | µg/m3 | ≤ 5 |
| Lead | µg/m3 | ≤ 1 |
| Arsenic | µg/m3 | ≤ 6 |
| Nickel | µg/m3 | ≤ 20 |
| Benzo(a)pyrene | µg/m3 | ≤ 1 |
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Stack Monitoring
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- Select the location for stack monitoring where stack is generated.
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- Set the sensing probe inside the sampling point and thimble to analyzer.
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- Sampling point location is selected at 8 times of pipe line diameter in case of Chimney.
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- Connect the electrical supply to Flue Gas Analyzer.
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- Set the 70m1 solution of SO2 and NO2 gases in analyzer
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- Switch On the analyzer and start the vacuum motor.
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- Set the time in timer for 24 hrs.
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- Check the readings of temperature, avg. pressure, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrocarbon hourly.
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- After completion of 24 hours, switch off the flue gas analyzer. Take the sample of solutions and send for laboratory testing.
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Parameter to be checked for Boiler
| Parameter | Unit | Standard Limit |
| Particulate Matter at 12% CO2 | mg/Nm3 | ≤ 150 |
| Nitrogen Oxides-NO2 | mg/Nm3 | NA |
| Sulphur Dioxides-SO2 | mg/Nm3 | NA |
| Carbon Monoxide-(CO) | g/KW-hr | NA |
| Oxygen-O2 | % | NA |
| Hydrocarbon | % | NA |
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Parameter to be checked for DG Set (1010 KVA & 1500 KVA)
| Parameter | Unit | Standard Limit |
| Particulate Matter at 15% O2 | mg/Nm3 | ≤ 75 |
| Nitrogen Oxides-NO2 at 15% O2 | ppmv | ≤ 710 |
| Sulphur Dioxide-SO2 | mg/Nm3 | NA |
| Carbon Monoxide-(CO) | mg/Nm3 | ≤ 150 |
| Carbon Dioxide-CO2 | % | NA |
| Oxygen- O2 | % | NA |
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Parameter to be checked for DG Set (500 KVA)
| Parameter | Unit | Standard Limit |
| Particulate Matter at 15% O2 | g/KW-hr | ≤ 0.2 |
| Nitrogen Oxides-NO2 at 15% O2 | g/KW-hr | ≤ 4.0 for (NOX + HC) |
| Sulphur Dioxide-SO2 | mg/KW-hr | NA |
| Carbon Monoxide-(CO) | g/KW-hr | ≤ 3.5 |
| Carbon Dioxide-CO2 | % | NA |
| Oxygen- O2 | % | NA |
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- All Stack monitoring certificates/reports shall be reviewed by EHS concerned person.
6.0 Abbreviation (s)
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- PPE : Personnel Protective Equipment
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- mg/Nm3 : milligram/normal cubic meter
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- g/KW– : gram per kilowatt hour
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- pm : Particulate Matter
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- EHS : Environment, Health and Safety
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- ng/m3 : nanogram per cubic meter
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- HOD : Head of Department
7.0 Annexure (s)
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- List of Monitoring Points
Ambient Air Points
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- Main Gate
- Stack Monitoring Points
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- Stack of Boiler-I
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- Boiler-II
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- Boiler-III
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- Stack of DG Set-I
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- DG Set-II
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- DG Set-Ill
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